What is Apicoectomy?

Apicoectomy is a surgical procedure in which the infected or inflamed tissue at the tip of a tooth root is removed. It is usually performed on teeth that do not heal after root canal treatment or become re-infected. This operation helps preserve the natural tooth and supports the healing of the surrounding bone tissue.

The main goal of apicoectomy is to clean out pathological tissues such as infection or cysts at the root tip. During the procedure, a few millimeters of the root tip are cut off, and the area is cleaned with antiseptic solutions.

When is Apicoectomy Necessary?

Apicoectomy is generally preferred in the following situations:

  • Persistent infection after root canal treatment

  • Presence of a cyst or granuloma at the root tip

  • When root canal treatment cannot be performed or has failed

  • If there is a fracture or crack in the root

  • Pathological conditions in contact with surrounding structures

In such cases, apicoectomy allows the tooth to be preserved instead of extraction.

Steps of the Apicoectomy Procedure

  • Local anesthesia is applied to numb the area.

  • A small incision is made in the gum and bone.

  • The infected or inflamed tissue at the root tip is surgically removed.

  • A few millimeters of the root tip are cut off, and the root end is sealed.

  • The incision site is sutured, and the healing process begins.

The procedure usually takes between 30–60 minutes, and patient comfort is prioritized.

Postoperative Care and Healing Process

After the procedure, the patient should follow these recommendations:

  • Take prescribed medications regularly to reduce pain and swelling

  • Avoid rinsing the mouth for the first 24 hours

  • Stay away from hot foods and drinks

  • Refrain from smoking

  • Maintain good oral hygiene during the healing process

  • Attend follow-up appointments with the dentist

Healing usually takes a few weeks, and with successful treatment, the infection is eliminated.

Advantages and Risks of Apicoectomy

Advantages:

  • Eliminates the need for tooth extraction

  • Preserves the natural structure of the tooth

  • Prevents the spread of infection

  • Helps maintain oral functions

Risks:

  • If the infection does not completely heal, retreatment may be necessary

  • Pain and swelling may occur after surgery

  • In rare cases, nerve damage or other complications may develop

With accurate diagnosis and an experienced surgeon, the risks are minimized.