What Is an Implant-Supported Prosthesis?
An implant-supported prosthesis is a permanent, comfortable, and natural-looking solution for individuals with missing teeth. Placed over dental implants, these prostheses provide performance very close to natural teeth in terms of both aesthetics and chewing function. With implant-supported prostheses, patients regain an effective solution for both the appearance and functionality of their teeth after tooth loss.
What Are Implant-Supported Prostheses?
Implant-supported prostheses are dental restorations that attach to titanium implants placed in the jawbone. They can be either fixed or removable. These prostheses are one of the most reliable and long-lasting options for filling gaps caused by missing teeth. The implants act as natural tooth roots, while the prosthesis mimics the appearance of real teeth and supports chewing function.
These prostheses help prevent structural changes in the jaw caused by missing teeth and maintain the natural form of the oral cavity. Compared to traditional dentures, implant-supported prostheses are more durable and offer long-term use.
Types of Implant-Supported Prostheses
Implant-supported prostheses are categorized into two main types based on usage and design: fixed and removable. The dentist selects the most appropriate type based on the patient’s needs.
Fixed Implant-Supported Prostheses: These prostheses are permanently attached to implants and are not removed during daily use. They provide the closest aesthetic and functional solution to natural teeth. A suitable number of implants are placed in the jaw, and prostheses such as bridges or crowns are fixed. They are generally preferred when tooth loss is limited.
Removable (Detachable) Implant-Supported Prostheses: These are used in completely edentulous cases and can be easily removed by the patient for cleaning. They are secured to implants with attachments, offering both convenience and comfort while allowing for easy maintenance.
Advantages of Implant-Supported Prostheses
Implant-supported prostheses offer numerous benefits, combining comfort with a natural appearance:
Natural Appearance and Aesthetics: They closely resemble real teeth, providing a more natural and attractive smile compared to other types of dentures.
Strength and Durability: Made from durable materials such as titanium, implants withstand chewing forces effectively and last for many years.
Preserves Bone Structure: Implants prevent bone loss caused by missing teeth, maintaining the natural structure of the jaw.
Easy to Clean: Removable prostheses can be taken out for daily cleaning, while fixed prostheses can be maintained using special brushes.
Supports Speech Function: Properly fitted prostheses support tongue and lip movements, enabling clear and natural speech.
Boosts Confidence: Providing an aesthetic smile helps patients feel more confident and comfortable in social situations.
Who Is Suitable for Implant-Supported Prostheses?
Implant-supported prostheses are suitable for a wide range of patients, from those missing a single tooth to those with complete tooth loss. Candidates should have sufficient jawbone density for successful implant placement. In cases where bone density is insufficient, procedures such as bone grafting can be performed to make the jaw suitable for implants.
They are recommended in the following situations:
Patients missing a single tooth
Patients missing multiple teeth
Completely edentulous patients
Patients seeking a fixed solution rather than removable dentures
A dentist will determine suitability for implant-supported prostheses after a detailed oral examination and radiographic evaluation.
Implant-Supported Prosthesis Procedure
The procedure is carefully planned and carried out in stages, often over several sessions:
Examination and Planning: The patient’s oral structure is evaluated, and the jawbone and missing tooth areas are examined using X-rays or CT scans. The number of implants and type of prosthesis are determined.
Implant Placement: Implants are inserted into the jawbone under local anesthesia. After placement, a healing period of 2–4 months is typically needed for the implants to integrate with the bone.
Temporary Prosthesis Placement: A temporary prosthesis is applied during the healing period to maintain aesthetics and allow the patient to continue social activities.
Placement of Permanent Prostheses: Once the implants have integrated, custom-made permanent prostheses are attached to the implants.
Check-Ups and Adjustments: The fit and comfort of the prosthesis are evaluated, and necessary adjustments are made to complete the treatment.
Care for Implant-Supported Prostheses
Like natural teeth, implant-supported prostheses require careful maintenance for long-lasting use. Recommended care includes:
Regular Brushing: Brush the prosthesis at least twice daily with a toothbrush and toothpaste.
Interdental Brushes and Dental Floss: Clean around implants and prostheses using interdental brushes and dental floss to remove plaque buildup.
Mouthwash: Use antibacterial mouth rinses to reduce oral bacteria.
Regular Dental Check-Ups: Visit the dentist every six months to maintain the longevity of the prostheses. During check-ups, cleaning and adjustments are performed as needed.